I Samuel 31, Review

Dear RTB’ers,

The end of Saul and his son, Jonathan, and two other sons… Different from other battle accounts, nothing is said about Saul’s battle plan – only simple mention of the Israeli defeat and the Philistine victory and their mistreatment of the dead bodies. (Recall how the Philistines treated Samson when they defeated him. They were a rude people!) The chapter ends abruptly, with the men of Jabesh-gilead retrieving Saul’s and his sons’ bodies – no doubt they were remembering Saul’s deliverance of them from the Ammonites. (I Sam. 11:1-11) Beyond this one incident, Saul’s story is told without further comment. The writer of I Chronicles provides that commentary: So Saul died for his breach of faith. He broke faith with the LORD in that he did not keep the command of the LORD, and also consulted a medium, seeking guidance. He did not seek guidance from the LORD. Therefore the LORD put him to death and turned the kingdom over to David the son of Jesse. (I Chr. 10:13-14) The end of Saul…

For the first time since we met young David back in chapter 16, there is no mention of him in today’s reading. It will be five more weeks in our reading schedule before we see David again, in II Samuel. But if you want to read ahead…

For many of us the Old Testament history books tend to run together. However, there is an easy memory tool for this time in Jewish history: I Samuel is about Saul (and David); II Samuel is about David; and the Kings books are about David’s descendants, split into a Northern Kingdom (Israel) and a Southern Kingdom (Judah). Then Chronicles retells all four of these books. So it will be a long time – well into next year – before we finish these Jewish history books!

Tomorrow – back to the New Testament.

Blessings!

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See also: April 1 (2023) / I Samuel 31; II Samuel 1; Psalm 18 (which gets into II Samuel 1, but still relevant, nonetheless).

I Samuel 29-30

Dear RTB’ers,

David has moved to the Philistines in order to get away from Saul’s constant pursuit. He has served one of the Philistine kings, Achish, and has been given his own city to live in, Ziklag. He has deceived Achish and pretended loyalty to him, although his heart is certainly with his brother Israelites. So David plays along when Achish wants him to go to battle with the Philistines against Israel. However, the other Philistine lords do not want David in the battle, fearing that he would be loyal to Israel and fight against them. So David and his men get sent back to Ziklag – essentially the Lord God delivering him from the battle, from having to fight his own people. [NOTE: Ziklag is in the far south of the Philistine lands, on about the same latitude as Beersheba in Judah. So when David goes on raids in 27:8-12, he is actually raiding people to his south, not raiding Israelites. And it is those people to the south, the Amalekites who have sacked Ziklag in chapter 30 and taken wives and children.]

Ziklag is destroyed by the Amalekites and David is in hot pursuit in order to rescue the women and children. He owes the victory in this quest to the Lord and rules against the “wicked and worthless fellows” among his followers who get greedy over the spoils, in so doing leaving us with an oft-quoted maxim: For as his share is who goes down into the battle, so shall his share be who stays by the baggage. They shall share alike. (v. 30:24b) He also uses the spoils to thank the many cities who have provided shelter and safety while he was fleeing Saul, generosity that will serve him well when the issue of his kingship arises.

Blessings!

I Samuel 27-28

Dear RTB’ers,

Today we see the end of David and his men running and of Saul’s pursuit: And when it was told Saul that David had fled to Gath, he no longer sought him. (v. 27:4) The Philistine king gives David his own city, Ziklag, a border city between the Philistines and Judah. Ziklag will remain as his home base until Saul’s death.

The story of Saul and the medium is a strange one. Although he has banned mediums and spiritists from the land, Saul disguises himself and visits a woman who has some strange powers and is able to call up Samuel’s spirit. The interchange between Saul and Samuel is less interesting than the fact that Saul is indeed communicating with the dead. I don’t believe there is anywhere else in the Bible where anyone is speaking with the dead. It is strictly forbidden in the Pentateuch. (See Leviticus 19:31, Deuteronomy 18:10-12.) Still, here it happens; Saul confronts an angry Samuel and receives the bad news of his future. We will read of that bad-news-future two days from now.

Blessings!

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See also: March 31 (2023) / Psalm 54; I Samuel 26-30.

I Samuel 25-26

Dear RTB’ers,

Two incidents, both fairly straightforward. In the first, Abigail defies her husband Nabal and provides David and his men with food and drink. David is truly grateful and Nabal is equally angry – so much so that he appears to have suffered a stroke or a heart attack and dies ten days later (at the Lord’s hand, v. 38). David then takes Abigail to be his wife. Recall that David was already married to Saul’s daughter, Michal. Surprisingly, that marriage is over, with Saul turning Michal over to another young man. But that’s not the end of the Michal story. We’ll meet her again one more time.

The second incident has David again sparing Saul’s life, with David’s spoken phrase, “the Lord’s anointed”, appearing four times in our second chapter. Saul had acknowledged David’s righteousness two chapters ago when David had earlier spared Saul’s life. Today Saul appears genuinely remorseful: Then Saul said, “I have sinned. Return, my son David, for I will no more do you harm, because my life was precious in your eyes this day. Behold, I have acted foolishly, and have made a great mistake.” (v. 26:21) David does not “return” to Saul’s house. In fact our first verse in today’s reading tells us that David does not at all believe that Saul’s remorse is genuine: Then David said in his heart, “Now I shall perish one day by the hand of Saul. There is nothing better for me than that I should escape to the land of the Philistines. Then Saul will despair of seeking me any longer within the borders of Israel, and I shall escape out of his hand.” (v. 27:1) Now, on to the next reading…

Blessings!

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See also: March 30 (2023) / I Samuel 24-25; Psalms 57, 142.

I Samuel 23-24

Dear RTB’ers,

David on the run and Saul in hot pursuit. It’s a continuing story of Saul’s pursuit and David’s escape – or of Saul’s withdrawing. There are a number of smaller items in today’s reading, but David sparing Saul’s life really sticks out for me. They are both in the same cave, with Saul unaware of David’s presence. David’s men suggest that David can now end Saul’s pursuit by taking Saul’s life. David, however, has a different response: He said to his men, “The LORD forbid that I should do this thing to my lord, the LORD’s anointed, to put out my hand against him, seeing he is the LORD’s anointed.” (v. 24:6) In liturgical churches today we consecrate our clergy with anointing oil when we ordain them. I have always been careful not to speak out directly against these clergy who have thus been anointed. I may disagree with decisions that are made, but I’m careful to hold back my tongue in speaking directly against them. Sadly, however, I’ve heard many harsh words spoken against some of those who have been chosen to lead us.

So, Saul repents: You are more righteous than I, for you have repaid me good, whereas I have repaid you evil. And you have declared this day how you have dealt well with me, in that you did not kill me when the LORD put me into your hands. (v. 24:17b-18) But as I wrote above, David on the run and Saul’s pursuit is a continuing story. Again, stay tuned!

Blessings!

I Samuel 21:10-22:23

Dear RTB’ers,

We will find as we move through the Samuel, Kings and Chronicles books that detailing the lineage of the kings of Israel and Judah is important to the Biblical writers. Somewhat less important, but still helpful is the lineage of the high priests. This will become much more important later. For now we have Ahimelech described as the son of Ahitub. Back in I Sam. 14:3 we learned further that Ahitub was directly descended from Phineas, the son of Eli. I asked Copilot, an AI source, about Eli’s ancestors: “…from later biblical texts and genealogical records, we learn that Eli is a descendant of Ithamar, one of Aaron’s sons. This places him within the Levitical priesthood, though not from the more prominent line of Eleazar, the elder of the two. His line later becomes dominant through Zadok.” During David’s and Solomon’s times, Abiathar (Ahimelech’s son) and Zadok “compete” for the high priesthood. We’ll have to refer back to this post when we see infighting and divergent loyalties from the priests toward the kings.

Have any of you ever heard of anyone named “Doeg”? No? I didn’t think so. Doeg is one of the most despicable characters in all of Scripture. Reporting David’s movements to Saul is one thing, but then he killed Ahimelech and 84 (or 85) other priests before destroying all the inhabitants of Nob, the city of the priests. We never hear of Doeg again in the historical literature, but we do see him in the header of David’s Psalm 52. You might want to read that Psalm and get David’s personal evaluation of this “most despicable” character.

Blessings!

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See also: March 29 (2023) / I Samuel 22-23; Psalms 52, 63.

I Samuel 20:1-21:9

Dear RTB’ers,

Saul intent on killing David; Jonathan and David knit together in a vow relationship; and David clearly on the run. These Saul-Jonathan-David relationships will continue for the rest of I Samuel, but David’s brief time with Ahimelech, the priest is a story that will live on for centuries. Jesus referred to this incident in Matthew 12:3-4: Have you not read what David did when he was hungry, and those who were with him; how he entered the house of God and ate the bread of the Presence, which it was not lawful for him to eat nor for those who were with him, but only for the priests? The point that Jesus made was a comparison of the letter of the law with the spirit of the law. It’s always nice to see Jesus referring to Old Testament incidents. BTW, this brief incident with Ahimelech is not over. Stay tuned.

Blessings!

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See also: March 28 (2023) / I Samuel 20-21; Psalms 56, 34.

I Samuel 17:55-19:24

Dear RTB’ers,

Saul becomes deranged! In earlier chapters we saw Saul making mistake after mistake, particularly in reference to his relationship with Samuel. Now he has a new relationship, sadly adversarial, against David, the hero of the battle with Goliath. Instead of celebrating David’s victories over the Philistines, Saul becomes intensely jealous of David’s success. By contrast, Saul’s son, Jonathan becomes David’s friend and protector; also, Saul’s daughter, Michal becomes David’s wife and also his protector, at least on one occasion.

Today we see the beginning of David’s running from Saul’s danger: Now David fled and escaped, and he came to Samuel at Ramah and told him all that Saul had done to him. (v. 19:18) Samuel had earlier anointed David as king, so he knew that God was with him. Saul is now up against two mighty adversaries. There’s no way he can win!

Blessings!

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See also: March 27 (2023) / I Samuel 18-19; Psalm 59.

I Samuel 17:1-54

Dear RTB’ers,

I said yesterday that God choosing David over his seven brothers was a great Sunday School story. However, I don’t think there are any Old Testament stories that can beat today’s reading. When our son was just learning to read (well enough!) he was fidgeting badly in church one Sunday, so I opened the pew bible to I Samuel 17 and had him read that story. He loved it! The next week he asked me for that same chapter, and the next week, and after that he would find it on his own without asking. He then continued reading further in I and II Samuel until he became a “David scholar”. He even joined me one Sunday in helping me to lead our Adult Forum group when the topic was David. Sweet memories!

The story is what it is for children. But it also has a message for us adults. A couple of verses stand out. First, And David said to the men who stood by him, “ … For who is this uncircumcised Philistine, that he should defy the armies of the living God?” (v. 26) The Israeli soldiers were looking only from their own perspective, not at all looking to God for deliverance. Sadly, his words of encouragement fell flat, especially with his older brother. But David has confidence in his Deliverer: And David said, “The LORD Who delivered me from the paw of the lion and from the paw of the bear will deliver me from the hand of this Philistine.” (v. 37) Finally, David speaks his most famous words directly to Goliath: “You come to me with a sword and with a spear and with a javelin, but I come to you in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, Whom you have defied. This day the LORD will deliver you into my hand, and … all the earth may know that there is a God in Israel, and … that the LORD saves not with sword and spear. For the battle is the LORD’s, and He will give you into our hand.” (vv. 45-47)

So, the question adults typically ask when we discuss this chapter: “Why did David take five stones?” I’ll leave you with that!

Blessings!

I Samuel 16

Dear RTB’ers,

David anointed king, a great Sunday School story, with an oft-quoted memory verse: For the LORD sees not as man sees: man looks on the outward appearance, but the LORD looks on the heart. (v. 7b)

Saul brings a musician to court, not knowing that he is bringing the young man who will replace him as king, who has already been anointed. But it will take the rest of this book (I Samuel) before we see that outcome.

Blessings!

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See also: March 26 / I Samuel 16-17; Psalm 23.