John 11:38-57

Many of the Jews therefore … believed in Him, but some of them went to the Pharisees and told them what Jesus had done. (vv. 45a,46) In my posts two days ago my comments from 2019 had included a discussion of who “the Jews” were. All along I’ve suggested that when John refers to “the Jews” he is speaking of the Jewish leaders, not the overall Jewish population. In the case of Lazarus, these Jews could have been local Jewish leaders in Bethany (Lazarus’ home), but they could also have included Jewish leaders from Jerusalem and even some of those more active in the temple worship.

Either way, some of these Jews returned to Jerusalem to tell the Pharisee leaders of this miracle – and I’m wondering, for some of them, at the extent of their new belief in Jesus. Some of them, especially those from Jerusalem, would probably have remained skeptical – though I can’t imagine how! But others, especially those from Bethany could have been overtaken by this latest miracle and asked the Pharisees genuinely if this Jesus could be the Messiah? So there could have been a healthy discussion about Jesus – until Caiaphas interrupted with his proclamation and death sentence. Then any of those Jewish leaders who may have been prone to believe in Jesus would have been shouted down! But my sense is that those new “believers” would have been strengthened in their faith. That is, if these “lesser” Jewish leaders had been shut down for what they were now believing, my sense is that human nature would lead them to be more firm in their belief, that their resolve would have been strengthened, that they would have gone back to Bethany, met up with Lazarus and his family and become active believers. Or is my natural optimism misguided?

See also:

• August 16 (2019) / John 11:38-44
• August 17 (2019) / John 11:45-57

John 11:17-37

So now I can’t see the name “Lazarus” without thinking about John S.’s argument that Lazarus may have written the Gospel of John. Further support for that argument has to do with the amount of time that John’s Gospel has Jesus in Judea and the fact that Lazarus was from Bethany, only two miles from Jerusalem. In fact, it’s easier to mention how little time John’s Gospel has Jesus in Galilee. The first half of chapter 2 has Him at the wedding in Cana, then in Jerusalem for a cleansing of the temple. Then chapter 4 has Him in Samaria with the woman at the well, followed by nine verses of Him in Galilee, then back to Jerusalem in chapter 5. Chapter 6 has Him in the region of the Sea of Galilee before He returns for a feast in Jerusalem in chapter 7. An argument could then be made that, except for a few verses and incidents, everything from chapter 7 to the end of the Gospel has Jesus in Judea. So John is on solid ground in arguing for Lazarus as the author of the Gospel of John. Interesting …!!

So today… I’m intrigued by Martha and Mary and their interactions with Jesus. They have been with Jesus before, probably on many occasions; it’s likely that He often stayed with them when He visited Jerusalem. But in today’s reading both of them go to meet Jesus quietly before He even enters the village. They both have witnessed Jesus’ power in the past, so much so that in verses 21 and 32 each of them says, “Lord, if you had been here, my brother would not have died.” Then when Jesus saw Mary weeping, …He was deeply moved in His spirit and greatly troubled…, to the point of weeping Himself (vv. 33, 35). Finally, there is an interesting item from verse 28 where Martha says to Mary, “The Teacher is here and is calling for you.” My Study Bible mentioned that women were not taught by the Jewish rabbis, but that Jesus’ special relationship with Martha and Mary led them to be able to call Him “the Teacher”. All in all, Jesus has a special relationship with this entire family!

See also:

• August 14 (2019) / John 11:17-27
• August 15 (2019) / John 11:28-37

John 11:1-16

I’ve always seen Jesus’ raising of Lazarus as the beginning of the end. After this miracle we’ll only have a few more days’ readings before Palm Sunday.

Geography: Then after this He said to the disciples, “Let us go to Judea again.” (v. 7) Yesterday we had Jesus in Jerusalem arguing with the Jewish leaders; then He went away “beyond the Jordan” (John 10:40). Bethany is near Jerusalem, basically a valley/ravine between the two cities. So when Jesus gets the news of Lazarus He is across the Jordan, basically a day’s journey away. In tomorrow’s reading Jesus will make that trip back to Bethany.

So, when He heard that Lazarus was ill, He stayed two days longer in the place where He was. (v. 6) So why did Jesus stay two days longer? We know that Lazarus died while Jesus stayed those two days and Jesus explains to the disciples that He already knew of Lazarus’ death: Then Jesus told them plainly, “Lazarus has died, and for your sake I am glad that I was not there, so that you may believe…” (v. 14) So the question – what did Jesus do during those two days? – is less important than that He knew of Lazarus’ death. That is, we see Jesus clearly in touch with His Father. My conclusion is that Jesus spent a good part of those two days in prayer, communing with His Father. His cross was now just weeks away and He needed His Father’s guidance, love, and support to prepare for this ordeal. Jesus sets a good example for us as we seek to move forward in whatever is His will for us.

See also: August 13 (2019) / John 11:1-16

John 10:22-42

I’ve never understood this verse: Jesus answered them, “Is it not written in your Law, ‘I said, you are gods’?” (v. 34) So I went back and read Psalm 82; its verse 6 contains the line that Jesus is quoting. After an opening verse, God is the One speaking in this entire Psalm. He is looking down and castigating the leaders and judges of Israel, beginning with His first words: How long will you judge unjustly and show partiality to the wicked? (v. 2) He continues that charge in the next two verses. Then He describes the “mental/ethical condition” of these judges: They have neither knowledge nor understanding, they walk about in darkness… (v. 5) It is at this point that God speaks the words that Jesus quotes: I said, “You are gods, sons of the Most High, all of you; nevertheless, like men you shall die, and fall like any prince.” (vv. 6-7) He is speaking to these judges and calling them gods, a not uncommon claim by political and religious rulers in these Old Testament times, even though they are clearly human beings. So Jesus applies these words from the Psalm to Himself, but He claims that His calling (as a Son, v. 36) is at a much higher level than were the judges in old Israel. It’s still a bit confusing to me how Jesus makes the leap from the human gods to Himself being the Son of God, but at least I understand the quote a bit better.

See also: August 12 (2019) / John 10:22-42

Matthew 20:1-16

The owner of the vineyard speaking: Am I not allowed to do what I choose with what belongs to me? (v. 15) I’m not sure why this verse struck me, but I made it personal, as if I were the person asking the question. And immediately I came up with the answer, “No!”. I am not … allowed to do what I choose …! First, the key phrase is …what belongs to me. Because none of what we have “belongs” to us. We are stewards of what God has given us. Many Sundays at the offering we say: “All things come of Thee, O LORD, and of Thine own have we given Thee.” (quoting I Chronicles 29:11) And that needs to be our perspective. Second, no, we should not take the position that “we are allowed to do what we choose”. I daresay that much of what is difficult in our lives is the result of bad choices that we have made. We cannot on our own know what’s best for us – Adam and Eve proved that in the Garden. In addition, as stewards we have a responsibility for what has been given to us. We should engage in serious prayer as to how we choose to spend our $$. So even though this verse 15 is the owner of the vineyard (God) speaking, out of context it also speaks to us.

See also: August 11 (2019) / Matt. 20:1-16

Luke 18:18-30

The “rich, young ruler”, the finale! Comparing the three accounts… First, Matthew and Mark each list six “commandments”, but for each of them their sixth is not one of the original Mt. Sinai commandments. Matthew has …love your neighbor as yourself (v. 19), while Mark’s sixth is “Do not defraud…” (v. 19). Neither of them mentions “Do not covet…”, which seems to be the young man’s main problem, his love for his wealth. Luke mentions only five commandments. Second, when Jesus mentions the rewards that will come to those who follow Him, only Mark adds “…with persecutions” (v. 30). On that item, I think of converts in Muslim countries who become outcasts from their families and communities. Bethany Tennent has talked about this outcome as one of the major difficulties the Alagwa people have in following Jesus. Third, I already mentioned two days ago about Matthew’s inclusion of the disciples’ sitting on twelve thrones judging the twelve tribes of Israel; only Matthew includes this item. Fourth, none of these gospels specifically mentions a “rich, young ruler”. Both Matthew and Mark speak of “a man” or “someone”, and Matthew calls the man “young” in verses 20 and 22; only Luke calls him “a ruler”. Finally, all three Synoptic writers include the line, It is easier for a camel to go through the eye of a needle than for a rich person to enter the kingdom of God, a clear warning to those of us in our wealthy USA environment to be careful for the extent to which we are “coveting” (think, serving), our wealth.

I’m sure there are other differences between the three Synoptic gospels. Please feel free to mention some that I have not included.

All in all, this story of the “rich, young ruler” is worthy of our three days’ study!

See also: August 10 (2019) / Luke 18:18-30

Mark 10:17-31

The rich, young ruler: Act II, Scene 2. One thing you lack: go and sell all you possess and give to the poor… (v. 21b) Again, as Debbie pointed out yesterday and two years ago, it seems like the young man’s wealth was keeping him from seeking Jesus more completely. But Jesus was asking quite a bit from this young man, to sell it all. I was trying to think of anyone in our lifetime who had “sold it all”. Two people immediately came to mind – Bethany Tennent and Mark/Tommie Bruner. They left “the world” behind to follow Jesus. But even they had a “life line” back to their “sending organizations” and churches and individuals who were supporting their ministry.

So what about Jesus’ disciples… Consider: After Jesus rose from the dead, within days or weeks Peter went back to fishing (John 21). I mentioned in my posts from 2019 that Peter (and Andrew, James, and John?) must have had a fairly large fishing business, so did Peter maintain ownership and leave someone in charge when he left to follow Jesus? After all, Peter was married and had responsibilities for his household, including his mother-in-law (Mark 1:29-31). Did he leave it all behind or did he have that “life line” back to his former life? We can presume that after John 21 that Peter did, in fact, leave it all behind. His activities on the day of Pentecost seem to lock him in forever.

So Debbie’s comments and my further ruminations above give me some solace – that we are not called to sell everything and give the proceeds to the poor. But to the extent that our possessions (or our behaviors?) are holding us back from seeking Jesus more fully, then those possessions/behaviors need to be set aside. So the question for me (and for each of the rest of you?) – what am I holding back?

See also: August 9 (2019) / Mark 10:17-31

Matthew 19:16-30

Back to the “rich, young ruler” again… This incident of a young man coming to Jesus, asking about eternal life appears in each of the Synoptic Gospels, so we will be reading different accounts of this incident today and the next two days.

Almost every time I read this story I find myself somewhat guilted out as to whether I am doing enough. (See my 2019 comments below.) But today I had a different thought. In the past I have said that I often consider Jesus speaking to His disciples back then as Him speaking to us today. So here’s Jesus speaking from today’s reading: Truly, I say to you, in the new world, when the Son of Man will sit on His glorious throne, you who have followed Me will also sit on twelve thrones, judging the twelve tribes of Israel. (v. 28) Those of us sharing these readings are following Jesus – so will we be sitting on thrones judging others? Unfortunately I don’t find it in my ability-set to be able to sit in judgment of others! I don’t know fully what Jesus means in that statement, but it certainly is a more positive statement than my reactions to this story in the past.

So today, even though Carol and I have not sold all our possessions and given that to the poor (v. 21b) we are following Jesus. If we fall short by holding on to our possessions as we follow Him – well, we leave that to Jesus and we ask His Holy Spirit to guide us further. More reflections on the “rich, young ruler” tomorrow…

See also: August 8 (2019) / Matt.19:16-30

Mark 10:1-16 and Luke 18:15-17

I noticed something different in Mark’s coverage of divorce in today’s reading compared to Matthew’s in yesterday’s reading. In Mark’s gospel, Jesus allows for the wife to initiate the divorce: Whoever divorces his wife and marries another woman commits adultery against her; and if she herself divorces her husband and marries another man, she is committing adultery. (vv. 11b-12) I don’t know what to make of Jesus having the wife take the lead, but it does seem to contradict Jewish teaching back then where women seem to have few privileges and no social standing.

Two years ago when we read this passage from Mark I posted an item that Archbishop Beach had written the day before. That item is in my comments in the first link below.

Coming as a little child… My Study Bible had noted that a child’s relationship with a parent includes dependence, trust, openness, and sincerity. Two years ago I had written peace, confidence, expectation, and comfort (the second link below). So all those emotions and attributes are part of a child’s relationship to a parent – that’s what’s available to us in our relationship to God. That’s awesome!

See also:

• August 6 (2019) / Mark 10:1-16
• August 7 (2019) / Luke 18:15-17

Matthew 19:1-15

The Chronological Study Bible makes the point that we are now shifting our geographical location, that Jesus is back in Judea and we will not see Him in Galilee again. Luke had made that point specifically in Luke 9:51, that Jesus had “set His face to go to Jerusalem”. Much of the reading that we have done the past couple of weeks has been during Jesus’ travels on this trip. With today’s reading, now it’s only a matter of time before He goes to the cross. (But it will take us two months to get there!)

I was watching a baseball game yesterday. An ex-player, a star when he was playing who is now an announcer talked about bringing his son to meet a current baseball player, one of his son’s “idols”. I thought of my own childhood when I “idolized” baseball stars and of me and my friends trying to get autographs of these players. I also thought about Hollywood stars and people idolizing them and seeking autographs. In today’s reading, Jesus is a star! See the following two verses: And large crowds followed Him… (v. 2a) and Then little children were brought to Him that he might lay His hands on them and pray. (v. 13) More “autograph seekers”…??!!

Jesus speaking: And I say to you: whoever divorces his wife, except for sexual immorality, and marries another, commits adultery. (v. 9) Both of my Study Bibles noted that all three synoptic writers cover this discussion between Jesus and the Pharisees about divorce, but that Matthew was the only one of the three where Jesus allowed for the exception, “except for sexual immorality”. In Mark and Luke Jesus does not make this allowance. In looking further at this exception, I saw that this is the second time where Matthew has Jesus making this divorce exception. During the Sermon on the Mount Jesus makes the same statement as in verse 9 above (see Matthew 5:32). Interesting. I had not seen that before.

See also: August 5 (2019) / Matt. 19:1-15